Ingredient substitutions: Make the switch for healthier recipes

To reduce the amount of fat and cholesterol
If your recipe calls for:	Try substituting:
Bacon	Canadian bacon, turkey bacon, smoked turkey or lean prosciutto (Italian ham)
Butter, margarine, shortening or oil in baked goods	Applesauce or prune puree for half of the called-for butter, shortening or oil Note: To avoid dense, soggy or flat baked goods, don't substitute oil for butter or shortening, and don't substitute diet, whipped or tub-style margarine for regular margarine.
Butter, margarine, shortening or oil to prevent sticking	Cooking spray or nonstick pans
Creamed soups	Fat-free milk-based soups, mashed potato flakes, or pureed carrots, potatoes or tofu for thickening agents
Eggs	Two egg whites or 1/4 cup egg substitute for each whole egg
Evaporated milk	Evaporated skim milk
Full-fat cream cheese	Fat-free or low-fat cream cheese, Neufchatel or low-fat cottage cheese pureed until smooth
Full-fat sour cream	Fat-free plain yogurt, or fat-free or low-fat sour cream
Ground beef	Extra-lean or lean ground beef, chicken or turkey
Mayonnaise	Reduced-calorie mayonnaise-type salad dressing or reduced-calorie, reduced-fat mayonnaise
Oil-based marinades	Wine, balsamic vinegar, fruit juice or fat-free broth
Salad dressing	Fat-free or reduced-calorie dressing or flavored vinegars
Whole milk	Reduced-fat or fat-free milk

To reduce the amount of sodium

If your recipe calls for:

Try substituting:

Seasoning salt, such as garlic salt, celery salt or onion salt

Herb-only seasonings, such as garlic powder, celery seed or onion flakes, or use finely chopped garlic, celery or onions

Soups, sauces, dressings, crackers, or canned meat, fish or vegetables

Low-sodium or reduced-sodium versions

Soy sauce

Sweet-and-sour sauce, hot mustard sauce or low-sodium soy sauce

Table salt

Herbs, spices, fruit juices or salt-free seasoning mixes or herb blends

To reduce the amount of sugar

If your recipe calls for:

Try substituting:

Fruit canned in heavy syrup

Fruit canned in its own juices or in water, or fresh fruit

Fruit-flavored yogurt

Plain yogurt with fresh fruit slices

Syrup

Pureed fruit, such as applesauce, or low-calorie, sugar-free syrup

To increase the amount of nutrients, including vitamins, minerals and fiber

If your recipe calls for:

Try substituting:

All-purpose (plain) flour

Whole-wheat flour for half of the called-for all-purpose flour

Dry bread crumbs

Rolled oats or crushed bran cereal

Enriched pasta

Whole-wheat pasta

Iceberg lettuce

Arugula, chicory, collard greens, dandelion greens, kale, mustard greens, spinach or watercress

Meat as the main ingredient

Three times as many vegetables as the meat on pizzas or in casseroles, soups and stews

White bread

Whole-wheat bread

White rice

Brown rice, wild rice, bulgur or pearl barley